ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ° Π² 8 (9) ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅
When you’re done using paper shopping bags, for shopping or other household reuses, a couple of things can happen. They can be recycled in most mixed-paper recycling schemes ΠΎΠ³they can be thrown away. If you compost them, the bags break down and go from paper to a rich soil nutrient over a period of a couple of months; if you throw them away, they’ll eventually break down of the period of many… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
ΠΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π° ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ° Π² 8 (9) ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ΅ (ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΊΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ, Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ)
ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ «Paper Bags or Plastic Bags: which are best».
PAPER BAGS OR PLASTIC BAGS: WHICH ARE BEST?
ΠΠ»Π°ΡΡ 8, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Ρ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ — 3 ΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΠΈΠ΄ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° — ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π’ΠΈΠΏ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° — ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡ (Case-study method).
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π°Π½Π³Π»ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΡ «Paper or plastic bags», ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ «Paper bags or plastic bags: which are best?».
ΠΠ°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ°ΠΌ:
- 1. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ «ΠΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ: Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ».
- 2. Π‘ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ².
- 3. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π° (ΠΠΎΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½) Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.
- 4. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΈΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ.
ΠΠ»Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡ, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠΌΡ «ΠΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ — ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π»ΠΎ?» ΠΈ «ΠΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΡΠΌΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ».
Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Ρ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ° Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ ΠΎΠ·Π²ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΡ «("Paper bags or plastic bags: which are best?»)". Π’Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°. (ΠΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΌ Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π°Π΄ Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ.) Π£ΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ, ΡΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΠΉ, ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ Π² Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅, ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±ΡΠ΄ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π² ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅. Π’Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π°, ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ «ΠΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ: Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ», ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π±Π΅Π·Π²ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ.
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠ΅ΠΉΡΠ°.
- 1. Π‘ΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ «ΠΠ°Ρ Π²ΡΠ±ΠΎΡ: Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ»
- 2. Π‘ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²
- 3. ΠΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
- 1. What is your choice?
1. How many new plastic, paper or eco bags do you use? | ||
plastic. | Paper. | Eco. |
1−5. | ||
6−10. | ||
more. | ||
2. What do you do with those bags? | ||
Throw away. | ||
Reuse. | ||
Recycle. | ||
3. How often do you bring your own bags to stores? | ||
Never. | ||
Always. | ||
Once in a while. | ||
4. Do you know that producing plastic and paper bags harm ecology? | ||
Plastic. | Paper. | |
Yes. | ||
No. | ||
Yes and don’t use them. | ||
5. Are you ready to refuse plastic and paper bags? | ||
Yes. | ||
No. | ||
6. Have you heard anything about eco bags? | ||
Yes. | ||
No. | ||
7. Do you know that eco bags are friendly, reusable, durable? | ||
Yes. | ||
No. | ||
8. Would you like to use eco bags? | ||
Yes. | ||
No. |
We carried out a survey of … people and received the following results (illustrate your results in charts).
2. Environmental friendliness of bags.
β. | Criteria. | Facts. |
plastic. | Paper. | eco. |
11. | What resources are used for production? | |
22. | How does production influence on the environment? | |
33. | How many times can it be used? | |
44. | Is it recycled? | |
55. | How long does it decompose? | |
66. | Can it be composted? | |
77. | Is it environmentally-friendly? |
ΠΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΎΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π° Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ.
1. Π§ΡΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³?
ΠΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ (ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ) — ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ, ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ².
2. Π§ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ Π² ΡΠ΅Π±Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³?
ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ:* Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ;*ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ; ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Ρ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ.
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ:
1. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΠΎΠ·ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π° ΡΡΠΎ:
a) …
b) …
c) …
2. ΠΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π·Π°Π³ΡΡΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ:
a) …
b) …
c) …
ΠΠΎ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ.
Where do paper bags come from.
Paper comes from trees — lots and lots of trees. Once the trees are collected, they must dry at least three years before they can be used. More machinery is used to strip the bark, which is then chipped and cooked under tremendous heat and pressure, what was once wood becomes pulp. It takes approximately three tons of wood chips to make one ton of pulp. The pulp is then washed and bleached; both stages require thousands of gallons of clean water. Coloring is added to more water, and is then combined in a ratio of 1 part pulp to 400 parts water, to make paper. The pulp/water mixture is dumped into a web of bronze wires, and the water showers through, leaving the pulp, which, in turn, is rolled into paper.
And that’s just to make the paper; don’t forget about the energy inputs — chemical, electrical, and fossil fuel-based — used to transport the raw material, turn the paper into a bag and then transport the finished paper bag all over the world.
Where do paper bags end their life?
When you’re done using paper shopping bags, for shopping or other household reuses, a couple of things can happen. They can be recycled in most mixed-paper recycling schemes ΠΎΠ³they can be thrown away. If you compost them, the bags break down and go from paper to a rich soil nutrient over a period of a couple of months; if you throw them away, they’ll eventually break down of the period of many, many years. If you choose to recycle paper bags, then things get a little tricky. The paper must first be re-pulped, bleached and separated the pulp fibers. The fibers are then cleaned and screened to be sure they’re free of anything that would contaminate the paper-making process, and are then washed to remove any leftover ink before being pressed and rolled into paper, as before (it means more energy and chemicals are used).
How are plastic bags made?
Plastic bags are typically made from oil, a non-renewable resource. The biggest energy input for the plastic bag creation process is electricity, which, in this country, comes from coal-burning power. The oil industry causes pollution. Furthermore, the manufacturing of plastic bags uses a lot of electricity which is not good for the environment.
How does plastic bag recycling work?
Like paper, plastic can be recycled, but it isn’t simple or easy. In fact, we recycle only 1 in 200 plastic bags. Recycling involves essentially re-melting the bags and re-casting the plastic, though; manufacturing new plastic from recycled plastic requires two-thirds of the energy used in virgin plastic manufacturing. But, the quality isn’t quite good. So what happens to the rest? We throw them away. A plastic bag takes more than 1,000 years to decompose. In meantime, plastic bags cause over 100,000 sea turtles and other marine animals to die every year, when animals mistake them for food.