Синтез одномерных структур на основе интеркалированных одностенных углеродных нанотрубок
Диссертация
Вклад автора в разработку проблемы. В основу диссертации положены результаты научных исследований, выполненных непосредственно автором в период 2005;2007 г. Работа выполнена в Московском Государственном Университете имени М. В. Ломоносова на Факультете наук о материалах и кафедре неорганической химии Химического факультета. Работа проведена при поддержке Российского Фонда Фундаментальных… Читать ещё >
Содержание
- 1. Введение
- 2. Обзор литературы
- 2. 1. История открытия ОСНТ и их синтез
- 2. 1. 1. Электродуговой метод
- 2. 1. 2. Лазерное распыление
- 2. 1. 3. Каталитический крекинг углеводородов
- 2. 1. 4. Механизмы роста ОСНТ
- 2. 1. 5. Разделение ОСНТ
- 2. 2. Структура и свойства ОСНТ
- 2. 2. 1. Структура и классификация ОСНТ
- 2. 2. 2. Зонная структура и электронные свойства ОСНТ
- 2. 2. 3. Физические свойства углеродных нанотрубок
- 2. 3. Исследование ОСНТ
- 2. 3. 1. Сканирующая туннельная микроскопия
- 2. 3. 2. Просвечивающая электронная микроскопия
- 2. 3. 3. Рентгеновская фотоэлектронная спектроскопия
- 2. 3. 4. Исследование поверхности и пористости
- 2. 3. 5. Нейтронная дифракция
- 2. 3. 6. Рентгеновская дифракция
- 2. 3. 7. Оптическая спектроскопии
- 2. 3. 8. Фотолюминесцентная спектроскопия
- 2. 3. 9. ИК-спектроскопия
- 2. 3. 10. Спектроскопия комбинационного рассеяния
- 2. 4. Заполнение ОСНТ неорганическими соединениями
- 2. 4. 1. Заполнение ОСНТ в процессе их роста (т-эки)
- 2. 4. 2. Заполнение ОСНТ после синтеза (ех-Бки)
- 2. 4. 2. 1. Открытие концов ОСНТ
- 2. 4. 2. 2. Заполнение ех-эЬи из газовой фазы
- 2. 4. 2. 3. Заполнение ех-эки из жидкой фазы
- 2. 4. 2. 3. 1. Использование суспензий и растворов
- 2. 4. 2. 3. 2. Использование расплавов
- 2. 1. История открытия ОСНТ и их синтез
- 2. 5. Исследование композитов Х@ОСНТ
- 2. 5. 1. Исследование структуры, морфологии и химического состава композитов
- 2. 5. 2. Исследование функиональных свойств композитов Х@ОСНТ
- 3. 1. Синтез и очистка ОСНТ
- 3. 2. Открытие концов ОСНТ
- 3. 3. Синтез композитов «одномерный кристалл@ОСНТ»
- 3. 3. 1. Заполнение ОСНТ легкоплавкими соединениями
- 3. 3. 1. 1. Заполнение ОСНТ галогенидами металлов
- 3. 3. 1. 1. 1. Заполнение ОСНТ хлоридам меди (СиС1) и серебра (А?С1)
- 3. 3. 1. 1. 2. Заполнение ОСНТ бромидами меди (СиВг) и серебра (
- 3. 3. 1. Заполнение ОСНТ легкоплавкими соединениями
- 3. 3. 1. 1. 3. Заполнение ОСНТ йодидами калия (К1), меди (Си1) и серебра
- 3. 3. 1. 2. Заполнение ОСНТ халькогенами (Б, Бе, Те)
- 3. 3. 2. Заполнение ОСНТ «тугоплавкими» соединениями МХ (М^п, С<1, РЬ,
- 3. 3. 2. 1. Первая стадия — заполнение ОСНТ йодидами цинка ^пЬ), кадмия (СсН2) и свинца (РЫ2)
- 3. 3. 2. 2. Вторая стадия — проведение химической реакции в каналах ОСНТ
- 3. 3. 2. 3. Оптимизация условий синтеза композита РЬТе@ОСНТ
- 3. 4. Исследование композитов Х@ОСНТ
- 3. 4. 1. Метод капиллярной конденсации N2 при 77 К
- 3. 4. 2. ПЭМ высокого разрешения
- 3. 4. 2. 1. Моделирование структур и изображений ПЭМ для одномерных кристаллов в композитах Х@ОСНТ
- 3. 4. 3. Рентгеноспектральный микроанализ
- 3. 4. 4. Масс-спектрометрия
- 3. 4. 5. Спектроскопия комбинационного рассеяния
- 3. 4. 6. Оптическая спектроскопия
- 4. 1. Одностенные углеродные нанотрубки
- 4. 2. Композит К1@ОСНТ
- 4. 3. Композиты СиНа1@ОСНТ (На1=С1, Вг, I)
- 4. 4. Композиты АеНа1@ОСНТ (На1=С1, Вг, I)
- 4. 5. Композиты СЬа1с@ОСНТ (С1т1с=8, Бе, Те)
- 4. 6. Композиты МХ@ОСНТ
- 4. 6. 1. Композиты Сс1Х@ОСНТ (Х=Б, Бе, Те)
- 4. 6. 2. Композиты ZnX@OCHT (X=S, Se, Те)
- 4. 6. 3. Композиты PbX@OCHT (X=S, Se, Те)
- 4. 7. Обобщение результатов
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