Создание высокоспецифичных амплификационных тест-систем для детекции возбудителей туберкулеза, чумы, холеры, герпеса и гепатита A
Нужно отметить, что для Mycobacterium tuberculosis характерен медленный рост на питательных средах. Это не позволяет своевременно выявить у пациентов лекарственноустойчивые штаммы, в частности, штаммы, устойчивые к рифампицину — одному из ведущих противотуберкулезных препаратов. Возможной альтернативой остается определение мутаций, вызывающих устойчивость к лекарству. Для определения таких… Читать ещё >
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- ГЛАВА 1. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
- 1. 1. ПОЛИМЕРАЗНАЯ ЦЕПНАЯ РЕАКЦИЯ
- 1. 1. 1. ФАКТОРЫ, ВЛИЯЮЩИЕ НА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПЦР
- 1. 1. 1. 1. Структура и совместимость праймеров
- 1. 1. 1. 2. Денатурация ДНК-матрицы
- 1. 1. 1. 3. Температура отжига праймеров
- 1. 1. 1. 4. Количество циклов амплификации
- 1. 1. 2. ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПЦР ПРИ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИИ МУТАЦИЙ И АЛЛЕЛЬНЫХ ВАРИАНТОВ
- 1. 1. 2. 1. Обзор методов детекции мутаций в ПЦР фрагментах
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 1. Полный анализ нуклеотндной последовательности, проводимый с помощью ссквснированпн
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 1.1. Определение нуклеотндной последовательности методом секвенирования по Сеигеру
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 1.2. Секвеиироваиие, основанное на гибридизации.24 1.1.2.1.2. Методы, направленные на идентификацию огличий в нуклсотидпой последовательности или па определение избранных мутаций
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.1. Конформационные методы
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.1.1. Метод, основанный на локальном плавлениии ДНК
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.1.2. Гетеродуплексный анализ
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.1.3. Конформационно-чувствительньш электрофорез в агарозе
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.1.4. Конформациопиый полиморфизм однонитевых фрагментов ДНК
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.2. Лигазная цепная реакция
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.3. Гибридизация и микрочипы
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.4. Использование рестрикции для детекции мутаций
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.5. Микросиквенс
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.6. Использование белков, узнающих иекомплемеитариости
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.7. Химическое расщепление некомтемеитариостеи
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.8. Метод «молекулярныхмаяков» (Molecular beacons)
- 1. 1. 2. 1. 2.9. Агчель-специфическая амплификация
- 1. 1. 3. ПРЕИМУЩЕСТВА «ГНЕЗДОВОГО» МЕТОДА ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ПОЛИМЕРАЗНОЙ ЦЕПНОЙ РЕАКЦИИ
- 1. 1. 1. ФАКТОРЫ, ВЛИЯЮЩИЕ НА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПЦР
- 1. 2. АНАЛИЗ ГЕНА RPOB КАК МЕТОД ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К РИФАМПИЦИНУ У MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
- 1. 3. ОПАСНОСТЬ ИНФИЦИРОВАНИЯ ВИРУСОМ ГЕРПЕСА И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ЛАБОРАТОРНЫХ МЕТОДОВ В ЕГО ДИАГНОСТИКЕ
- 1. 4. ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ПЦР ДЛЯ ДЕТЕКЦИИ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ ЧУМЫ
- 1. 4. 1. АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ ВЫЯВЛЕНИЯ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ ЧУМЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ОБЩЕСТВА
- 1. 4. 2. ВЫБОР ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЙ МИШЕНИ ДЛЯ ДЕТЕКЦИИ YERSINIA PESTIS
- 1. 5. ХОЛЕРНЫЙ ЭНТЕРОТОКСИН КАК ФАКТОР ВИРУЛЕНТНОСТИ И МИШЕНЬ ДЛЯ ДИАГНОСТИКИ
- 1. 6. РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬ ГЕПАТИТА, А И ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПЦР В ЕГО ДИАГНОСТИКЕ
- 1. 1. ПОЛИМЕРАЗНАЯ ЦЕПНАЯ РЕАКЦИЯ
- ГЛАВА 2. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
- 2. 1. БАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫЕ И ВИРУСНЫЕ ШТАММЫ, ПИТАТЕЛЬНЫЕ СРЕДЫ, ИСТОЧНИКИ КЛИНИЧЕСКИХ ОБРАЗЦОВ
- 2. 2. ВЫДЕЛЕНИЕ ДНК И РНК
- 2. 1. 2. 1. Выделение ДНК из м. tuberculosis
- 2. 1. 2. 2. Выделение РНК вируса гепатита А
- 2. 1. 2. 3. Выделение ДНК У. Pestis, V. choleraew вируса герпеса
- 2. 3. ПРАЙМЕРЫ ДЛЯ ПЦР
- 2. 4. ПРОВЕДЕНИЕ ПЦР И СОВМЕЩЕННЫХ РЕАКЦИЙ ОБРАТНОЙ ТРАНСКРИПЦИИ С ПЦР
- 2. 5. СЕКВЕНИРОВАНИЕ ГЕНА RPOB MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
- 2. 6. АЛЛЕЛЬ-СПЕЦИФИЧЕСКАЯ АМПЛИФИКАЦИЯ
- 2. 7. АНАЛИЗ КОНФОРМАЦИОННОГО ПОЛИМОРФИЗМА (SSCP)
- ГЛАВА 3. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ И ИХ ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ
- 3. 1. ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К РИФАМПИЦИНУ У MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
- 3. 1. 1. ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СПЕКТРА МУТАЦИЙ, ОБУСЛАВЛИВАЮЩИХ УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ К РИФАМПИЦИНУ
- 3. 1. 2. РАЗРАБОТКА УПРОЩЕННОЙ МЕТОДИКИ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ МУТАЦИЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К РИФАМПИЦИНУ НА ОСНОВЕ КОНФОРМАЦИОННОГО ПОЛИМОРФИЗМА И АЛЛЕЛЬ-СПЕЦИФИЧЕСКОЙ АМПЛИФИКАЦИИ
- 3. 1. 3. ВЫЯВЛЕНИЕ ЗНАЧИМОСТИ РЕДКИХ МУТАЦИЙ
- 3. 1. 4. ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ МУТАЦИЙ В ПЦР-ПРОДУКТАХ
- 3. 2. РАЗРАБОТКА ОПТИМАЛЬНЫХ УСЛОВИЙ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ПЦР ДЛЯ ДЕТЕКЦИИ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ ЧУМЫ И ИСПЫТАНИЕ СОЗДАННОЙ ТЕСТ-СИСТЕМЫ НА КОЛЛЕКЦИОННЫХ ШТАММАХ
- 3. 3. СОЗДАНИЕ ТЕСТ-СИСТЕМЫ НА ОСНОВЕ ГНЕЗДОВОЙ ПЦР ДЛЯ ДЕТЕКЦИИ ДНК VIBRIO CHOLERAE И ЕЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ДЛЯ АНАЛИЗА ВИРУЛЕНТНОСТИ ВИБРИОНОВ
- 3. 4. ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГНЕЗДОВОЙ ПЦР ДЛЯ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛЬНОЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ВИРУСА ПРОСТОГО ГЕРПЕСА ЧЕЛОВЕКА I И II ТИПА (HSV И HSV2)
- 3. 5. ИСПЫТАНИЕ ТЕСТ-СИСТЕМЫ НА ОСНОВЕ ПЦР ДЛЯ ДЕТЕКЦИИ РНК ВИРУСА ГЕПАТИТА А
- 3. 1. ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К РИФАМПИЦИНУ У MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
- ВЫВОДЫ
СПИСОК СОКРАЩЕНИЙ Русскиа АТФ (англ. АТР) —аденозиптрифосфорная кислота ИФА иммуноферментный анализ МКК мопононуклеарные клетки крови ПЦР (англ. PCR) — полимеразная цепная реакция, А иглийскис, А аденин АТР аденозиптрифосфорная кислота BLAST Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (Базовый инструмент поиска сходства последовательностей, основанный на принципе локального сопоставления) bp пуклеотидпая пара-пара комплементарных пуклеотидов, находящихся напротив друг друга в двух цепях ДНК С цитозип CMV цитомегаловнрус u АТР дезоксиаденозинтрнфосфорпая кислота uCTP дезокснцитиднитрнфосфориая кислота UGTP — дезоксигуанозннтрнфосфорная кислота UTTP дезокситнмндинтрнфосфорная кислота EBV вирус Эшитейпа-Барра G гуанин HAV вирус гепатита, А HBV вирус гепатита В I1HV6 вирус герпеса типа VI HI V-1 — вирус иммунодефицита человека типа I HSV1 вирус простого герпеса человека I типа HSV2 вирус простого герпеса человека II типа HTLV-1 -Т-лимфотропный вирус человека типа I HZV вирус герпеса зостср NCBI National Center for Biotechnology Information (Государственный Центр Биотехнологической Информации, США) RT-PCR совмещенная реакция обратной транскрипции (ЯТ)и ПЦР (PCR) SDS додецплсульфат натрия SSCP single-strand conformation polymorphism (конформационный полиморфизм однонитевых фрагментов ДИК) Т-тимин
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