Лазерно-флуоресцентное исследование биологических тканей с применением волоконно-оптических устройств
Диссертация
При ФДТ необходимо знать количество энергии (или мощность света), попадающее на облучаемый орган. В связи с этим измеряют выходную мощность световода, часто эти измерения надо сделать быстро, особенно при использовании цилиндрических световодов. Для измерения выходного сигнала от торцовых световодов были разработаны различные устройства и развиты методы измерения. Однако для быстрого измерения… Читать ещё >
Содержание
- 1. Обзор литературы
- 1. 1. Оптические свойства биологических сред
- 1. 1. 1. Рассеяние
- 1. 1. 2. Оптические свойства ткани
- 1. 1. 3. Взаимосвязь оптических микропараметров ткани
- 1. 2. Теория транспорта фотонов
- 1. 2. 1. Метод однократного рассеяния
- 1. 2. 2. Двухпотоковая теория «Кубелки — Мунка»
- 1. 2. 3. Диффузионное приближение
- 1. 2. 4. Симуляция «Монте-Карло»
- 1. 2. 5. Инверсный метод «добавления — удвоения»
- 1. 3. Физика и технологии волоконных световодов
- 1. 1. Оптические свойства биологических сред
- 2. Материалы и методы исследования
- 2. 1. Портативная спектроскопическая система для флуоресцентной диагностики опухолей и контроля фотодинамической терапией
- 2. 1. 1. Лазерно-эндоскопический спектральный анализатор ЛЭСА
- 2. 1. 2. Универсальный спектроанализатор ЛЭСА-01 -УЛ-БИОСПЕК
- 2. 2. Световоды
- 2. 2. 1. Введение
- 2. 2. 2. Распространение света в оптическом волокне
- 2. 2. 3. Системы доставки светового излучения для диагностики
- 2. 2. 4. Терапевтические катетеры
- 2. 2. 5. Создание тонких цилиндрических диффузоров
- 2. 2. 6. Удаление отражающей оболочки
- 2. 2. 7. Создание рассеивающих дефектов в сердцевине
- 2. 2. 8. Создание рассеивающего наконечника
- 2. 3. Универсальный измеритель мощности светового излучения для волокнно-оптических и светодиодных систем
- 2. 3. 1. Фторопласты
- 2. 3. 2. Материалы и методы
- 2. 3. 3. Результаты и обсуждение
- 2. 1. Портативная спектроскопическая система для флуоресцентной диагностики опухолей и контроля фотодинамической терапией
Список литературы
- Лощенов В.Б., Стратоников А. А., Волкова А. И., Прохоров A.M. Портативная спектроскопическая система для флуоресцентной диагностики опухолей и контроля за фотодинамической терапией. // Российский Химический Журнал. 1998. T. XLII N5, с. 50−53.
- Loschenov V. В., Konov V. I., and Prokhorov А. М. Photodynamic therapy and fluorescence diagnostics. // Laser Physics. 2000. Vol. 10, No. 6, pp. 1188−1207.
- Тучин В.В. Лазеры и волоконная оптика в биомедицинских исследованиях. // Саратов: изд-во Саратовского Ун-та, 384с. 1998.
- Niems, Markolf Н. Laser tissue interactions: fundamentals and applications. Berlin et al. Springer 1996.
- Prahl S. Optical property measurements using the inverse adding-doubling program. // March 1995. http://omlc.ogi.edu/pubs/.
- S. L. Jacques and L.-H. Wang. Monte Carlo modeling of light transport in tissues // Optical Thermal Response of Laser Irradiated Tissue, edited by A. J. Welch and M. J. C. van Gemert (Plenum Press, New York, 1995).
- Prahl S. Optical property measurements using the inverse adding-doubling program. // Oregon Medical Laser Center, January 1999.
- Photodynamic Therapy: Training Program. // 1998. The Institute for Minimally Invasive Technologies. Abbott Northwestern Hospital Minneapolis, MN.
- Kienle A., Patterson M.S., Ott L. and Steiner R. Determination of the scattering coefficient and the anisotropy factor from laser doppler spectra of liquids including blood. // Applied Optics. 1996. 35, pp. 3404−3412.
- Fawzi Y.S., Abo-Bakr M.Y., El-Batanony M.H. and Kadah Y.M. Determination of the optical properties of a two-layer tissue model by detecting photons migrating at progressively increasing depths. // Applied Optics. 2003. 42, pp. 6398−6411.
- Nilsson A.M.K., Berg R., and Andersson-Engels S. Measurements of the optical properties of tissue in conjunction with photodynamic therapy. // Appl. Opt. 1995. 34, pp. 4609−4619.
- Nilsson A.M.K., Lucassen G.W., Verkruysse W., Andersson-Engels S. and van Gemert M.J.C. Changes in optical properties of human whole blood in vitro due to slow heating. // Photochem. Photobiol. 1997. 65, pp. 366−373.
- Mourant J.R., Fuselier Т., Boyer J., Johnson T.M. and Bigio I.J. Predictions and Measurements of Scattering and Absorption Over Broad Wavelength Ranges in Tissue Phantoms. // Appl. Opt. 1997. 36, pp. 949−957.
- Van S taveren H J., Moes С J.M., van Marie J., P rahl S .A., and v an Gemert M.J.C. Light scattering in Intralipid-10% in the wavelength range of 400−1100 nm. //Appl. Opt. 1991. 30, pp. 4507−4514.
- Cheong W.F., Prahl S.A., and Welch A.J. A review of the optical properties of biological tissues. // IEEE J. Quant. Electr. 1990. 26, pp. 21 662 185.
- Низкоинтенсивная лазерная терапия. Под общей редакцией Москвина С. В., Буйлина В. А. Изд-во ТОО «Техника». 2000. с. 724.
- Ripley P.M., MacRobert A.J., Mills T.N., Bown S.G. A comparative optical analysis of cylindrical diffuser fibers for laser therapy. // Lasers Med Sci. 1999.14, pp. 257−268,
- Roche J.V.C., Whitehurst C., Watt P., Moore J.V., Krasner N. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of gastrointestinal tumours: a new light delivery system. // Lasers Med. Sci. 1998.13, pp. 137−142.
- Lin S.P., Wang L., Jacques S.L., and Tittel F.K. Measurement of tissue optical properties by the use of oblique-incidence optical fiber reflectometry. // Applied Optics. 1997.36, pp.136−143.
- Beard P.C., Mills T.N. Characterization of post mortem arterial tissue using time-resolved photoacoustic spectroscopy at 436, 461 and 532 nm. // Phys. Med. Biol. 1997. 42, pp. 177−198.
- Ramanujam N. Fluorescence Spectroscopy In Vivo. // John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, 2000.
- Исимару А. Распространение и, рассеяние волн в случайно-неоднородных средах. Т.1. Однократное рассеяние и теория переноса. М. Мир, 1981,280 стр.
- Jacques S.L., Barofsky A, Shangguan H.Q., Prahl S.A., Gregory K.W. Laser welding of biomaterials stained with indocyanine green to tissues.// SPIE Proceedings. 1997. Vol. 2975, pp. 54−61.
- Jacques S.L., Furuzawa S., Rodriguez T. PDT with ALA/PPIX is enhanced by prolonged light exposure putatively by targeting mitochondria. // SPIE Proceedings. Feb., 1997. Vol. 2972.
- Troy T.L., Thennadil S.N. Optical properties of human skin in the IR wavelength range of 1000−2200nm. // Instrumentation Metrics, Inc., 2085, Technology Circle Suite 302, Tempe, Arizona 85 284.
- Bartel S. and Hielscher A.H. Monte Carlo simulations of the diffuse backscattering Mueller matrix for highly scattering media. // Applied Оptics. 2000. 39, pp. 1580−1588.
- Ramakrishna S.A., Rao K.D. Estimation of light transport parameters in biological media using coherent backscattering. // Pramana journal of Physics. 2000. 54, pp. 255−267.
- Beuthan J., Netz U., Minet O., Klose A.D., HielscherA.H., Scheel A., Henniger A., Muller G. Light scattering study of rheumatoid arthritis. // Quantum Electronics. 2002.32(11), pp. 945- 952.
- Prahl S.A. Light transport in tissue. // The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY, December 1988.
- Prahl S .A., v an G emert M.J.C., W elch A J. D etermining the optical properties of turbid media using the adding-doubling method. // 1996. http://omlc.ogi.edu/pubs/pdf7prahl93a.pdf.
- Prahl S.A., Jacques S.L. Sized-fiber array spectroscopy. // Proc. SPIE. 1998. 3254, pp. 348−352.
- Iizuka M.N., Vitkin I.A., Kolios M.C. and Sherar M.D. The effects of dynamic optical properties during interstitial laser photocoagulation. // Phys. Med. Biol. 2000. 45, pp. 1335−1357.
- Shangguan H., Prahl S.A., Jacques S.L., and Casperson L.W. Pressure effects on soft tissues monitored by changes in tissue optical properties. // Proc. SPIE. 1998. 3254, pp. 366−371.
- Shangguan H., С asperson L .W., S hearin A., P aisley D .L. and Prahl S.A. Effects of material properties on laserinduced bubble formation in absorbing liquids and on submerged targets. // Proc. SPIE. 1997. 2869, pp. 783−791.
- Shangguan H., Casperson L.W., Gregory K.W. and Prahl S.A. Penetration of fluorescent particles in gelatin during laser thrombolysis. // Proc. SPIE. 1997. 2970, pp. 10−18.
- Zhao H., Webb R.H., Ortel B. A new approach for noninvasive skin blood imaging in microcirculation. // Optics & Laser Technology. 2002. 34, pp. 51−54.
- Charvet I., Thueler P., Vermeulen В., Saint-Ghislain M., Biton C., Acquet J., Bevilacqua F., Epeursinge C. and Medal P. A new optical method for the non-invasive detection of minimal tissue alterations. // Phys. Med. Biol. 2002. 47, pp. 2095−2108.
- Hoffmanny J., L. ubbersy D.W. and Heisezx H.M. Applicability of the Kubelka-Munk theory for the evaluation о f reflectance s pectra demonstrated for haemoglobin-free perfused heart tissue. // Phys. Med. Biol. 1998. 43, pp. 3571−3587.
- Federici J.F., Guzelsu N., Lim H.C., Jannuzzi G., Findley Т., Chaudhry H.R., and Ritter A.B. Noninvasive light-reflection technique for measuring soft-tissue stretch. // Applied Optics. 1999. 38(31), pp. 6653−6660.
- Siegemund M., van Bommel J., Ince C. Assessment of regional tissue oxygenation. (Review). // Intensive Care Med. 1999 25, pp. 1044−1060.
- Weersink R.A., Wilson B.C., Patterson M.S. Determination of in vivo photosensitizer concentrations using diffuse reflectance measurements and associative learning techniques. // proc. SPIE. 2002 4613, pp. 125−134.
- Jones L.R., Grossweiner L.I., Effects of Photofrin on in vivo skin reflectivity. // Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology. 1996. 33, pp. 153−156.
- Kollias N., Zonios G., Stamatas G.N. Fluorescence spectroscopy of skin. // Vibrational Spectroscopy. 2002. 28, pp. 17−23.
- Hunter R.J., Patterson M.S., Farrell T.J. and Hayward J.E. Haemoglobin oxygenation of a two-layer tissue-simulating phantom from time-resolved reflectance: effect of top layer thickness. // Phys. Med. Biol. 2002. 47, pp. 193−208.
- Kienle A., Glanzmann T. In vivo determination of the optical properties of muscle with time-resolved reflectance using a layered model. // Phys. Med. Biol. 1999. 44, pp. 2689−2702.
- Torricelli A., Pifferi A., Taroni P., Giambattistelli E. and Cubeddu R. In vivo optical characterization of human tissues from 610 to 1010 ran by time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy. // Phys. Med. Biol. 2001. 46, pp. 2227−2237.
- Klassen L.M., Macintosh В.J., Menon R.S. Influence of hypoxia on wavelength dependence of differential pathlength and near-infrared Quantification. // Phys. Med. Biol. 2002. 47, pp. 1573−1589.
- Star W.M. Light dosimetry in vivo. // Phys. Med. Biol. 1997. 42, pp. 763−787.
- Matas A., Sowa M.G., Taylor G., Mantsh H.M. Melanin as confounding factor in near infrared spectroscopy of skin. // Vibrational Spectroscopy. 2002. 28, pp. 45−52.
- Mourant J.R., Johnson T.M., Los G., Bigio I.J. Non-invasive measurement of chemotherapy drug concentrations in tissue: preliminary demonstrations of in vivo measurements. // Phys. Med. Biol. 1999. 44, pp. 1397−1417.
- Weersink R., Patterson M.S., Diamond K., Silver S., Padgett N. Noninvasive measurement of fluorophore concentration in turbid media with a simple fluorescencejreflectance ratio technique. // Applied Optics. 2001. 40(34), pp. 6389−6395.
- Hammer M., Schweitzer D., Thamm E., Kolb A. Non-invasive measurement of the concentration of melanin, xanthophyll, and hemoglobin in single fundus layers in vivo by fundus reflectometry. // International Ophthalmology. 2001. 23, pp. 279−289.
- Stamatas G.N., Wu J., Kollias N. Non-Invasive Method for Quantitative evaluation of exogenous compound deposition on skin. // The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2002. pp. 295−302.
- Laufer J.G., Beard P.C., Walker S.P., Mills T.N. Photothermal determination of optical coefficients of tissue phantoms using an optical fibre probe. // Phys. Med. Biol. 2001. 46, pp. 2515−2530.
- Hully E.L., Nicholsyz M.G., Fosteryxk Т.Н. Quantitative broadband near-infrared spectroscopy of tissue-simulating phantoms containing erythrocytes. // Phys. Med. Biol. 1998. 43, pp. 3381−3404.
- Hammer M., Schweitzer D. Quantitative reflection spectroscopy at the human ocular fundus. // Phys. Med. Biol. 2002. 47, pp. 179−191.
- Nomura Y., Hazekiy O., Tamura M. Relationship between time-resolved and non-time-resolved Beer-Lambert law in turbid media. // Phys. Med. Biol. 1997. 42, pp. 1009−1022.
- Zonios G., Bykowski J., Kollias N. Skin melanin, hemoglobin, and light scattering properties can be quantitatively assessed in vivo using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. // The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 2001. 117(6) pp. 1452−1457.
- Benaron D.A. The future of cancer imaging. // Cancer and Metastasis Reviews. 2002. 21, pp. 45−78.
- Das B.B., Liu F., Alfano R.R. Time-resolved fluorescence and photon migration studies in biomedical and model random media. // Rep. Prog. Phys. 1997. 60, pp. 227−292.
- Hammer M, Roggan A, Schweitzer D, Mtiller G: Optical properties of ocular fundus tissue an in vitro study using the double — integrating -sphere technique and inverse Monte Carlo simulation. Phys. Med. Biol. 40 (1995) 963 — 978
- Bays R., Wagnieres G., Robert D, Mizeret J., Braichotte D., van den Bergh H. Clinical measurement of tissue optical properties in the esophagus. // SPIE. Vol. 2324, pp. 39−45.
- Jacques S.L. Simple optical theory for light dosimetry during PDT. // Procc. SPIE. 1992. Vol. 1645, pp. 155−165.
- Stratonnikov A.A., Loschenov V.B., Polikarpov V.S. Photobleacing of native fluorochroms in human skin during laser irradiation // Proc. 8 Congress of the European Society for Photobiology, p. 124, Granada, Spain, September 8−13, (1999).
- Loschenov V.B., Poleshkin P.V., Stratonnikov A.A., Torshina N.L. The spectroscopy analysis of tissue in vivo. // SPIE 1994. Vol. 2370.
- Миронов А.Ф. Фотодинамическая Терапия рака — новый эффективный метод диагностики и лечения злокачественных опухолей. // Соросовский Образовательный Журнал. 1996. No.8.
- Левшин Л.В., Салецкий A.M. Оптические методы исследования молекулярных систем. (Часть 1. Молекулярная спектроскопия.) // Изд-во МГУ, 320с. 1994.
- Елыпевич М.А. Атомная и молекулярная спектроскопия. // Изд. 2-е. М. Эдиториал УРСС, 896 с. 2001.
- Jacques S.L., Prahl S.A. Modeling optical and thermal distributions in tissue during laser irradiation. // Lasers Surg. Med. J. 1987. Vol. 6, pp. 494 503.
- Pickering J.W., Moes C.J.M., Sterenborg H.J.C.M., Prahl S.A. and van Gemert M.J.C. Two integrating spheres with an intervening scattering sample. // J. Opt. Soc. Am. A. 1992. Vol. 9, pp. 621−631.
- Pickering J.W., Prahl S.A., van Wieringen N., Beek J.B., Sterenborg H.J.C.M. and van Gemert M.J.C. A double integrating sphere system for measuring the optical properties of tissue. // Appl. Opt. 1993. Vol. 32, pp. 399 410.
- Murrer L.H.P, Marijnissen J.P.A., Star W.M. Light distribution by linear diffusing sources for Photodynamic Therapy. // Phys. Med. Biol. 1996. 41, pp. 951−961.
- Fussel W. Approximate theory of the photometric integrating sphere. // National Bureau of Standards Techn. Note 594−7. 1974.
- Brown R.L. A numerical solution of the integral equation describing a photometric integrating sphere. // Journ. Res. Nat. Bureau of Standards, A. Physics and Chemistry. 1973. 77A, pp. 343−351.
- De Visser A.C.M., Van de Woude M. Minimization of the screen effect in the integrating sphere by variation of the reflection factor.// Light. Res. & Technology. 1980.12, pp. 42−49.
- Ohno Y. Integrating sphere simulation: application to total flux scale realization. // Appl. Opt. 1994. 33, pp. 2637−2646.
- Tardy H.L. Matrix method for integrating sphere calculations. // J. Opt. Soc. Am. 1991. A8, pp. 1411−1418.
- Clare J.F. Comparison of four analytic methods for the calculation of irradiance in integrating spheres. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 1998. A15, pp. 30 863 096.
- Hanssen L.M. Effects of non-Lambertian surfaces on integrating sphere measurements. // Appl. Opt. 1996.35, pp. 3597−3606.
- Prokhorov A.V., Sapritsky V.I., Mekhontsev S.N. Modeling of integrating spheres for photometric and radiometric applications. // Proc. SPIE 2815. Palmer J.M. Optical radiation measurements III, Ed. 1996. pp. 118−125.
- Crowther B.G. Computer modeling of integrating spheres. // Appl. Opt. 1996. 35, pp. 5880- 5886.
- Shirley PW ang С., Z immerman К. M onte С arlo T echniques for Direct Lighting Calculations. // ACM Trans on Graphics. 1966.15, pp. 136.
- Pickering J.W., Moes C.J.M., Sterenborg H.J.C.M., Prahl S.A. and van Gemert M.J.C. Two integrating sphere with an intervening scattering sample. // J. Opt. Soc. Am. 1992. 9, pp. 621−631.
- Pickering J.W., Prahl S.A., van Wieringen N., Beek J.F., Sterenborg H.J.C.M. and van Gemert M.J.C. Double-integrating-sphere system for measuring the optical properties of issue. Appl. Opt. 1993. 32, pp. 399−410.
- Flock S.T., Jacques S.L., Wilson B.C., Star W.M., van Gemert M.J.C. Optical properties of intralipid: a phantom medium for light propagation studies. // Lasers in Surgery and Medicine. 1992.12, pp. 510−519.
- Van Staveren H.G., Moes C.J.M., Van Marie J., Prahl S.A., van Gemert M .J.C. Light scattering in Intralipid-10% in the wavelength range of 400−1100 nanometers. // Applied Optics. 1991. 30, pp. 4507−4514.
- Baryshev M.V., Loschenov V.B. Optimization of optical fiber catheter for spectral investigations in clinics. // Proc. SPIE. 1994. Vol. 2084, pp. 106 118.
- Loschenov V.B., Stratonnikov A.A. Spectra line separation method for sophisticated data analysis of biological tissue optical spectra. // Proc. SPIE. 1994. Vol.2081, pp. 237−242.
- Лощенов В.Б., Стратонников A.A., Волкова А. И., Прохоров A.M. Портативная спектроскопическая система для флуоресцентнойдиагностики опухолей и контроля за фотодинамической терапией. // Российский химический журнал. 1998. № 5, том XLII. с. 50.
- Стратонников А.А., Лощенов В. Б., Дуплик А. Ю., Конов В. И. Контроль за степенью оксигенации гемоглобина в тканях и крови при фотодинамической терапии. // Российский химический журнал. 1998. № 5, том XLII. с. 63.
- Linkov K.G., Kisselev G.L., Loschenov V.B. Investigation of physical model of biological tissue. // Proceedings of SPIE. Laser-Tissue Interaction and Tissue Optics. 1996. IV, 2923, pp. 58−67.
- Киселев Г. Л., Лощенов В. Б. Распределение лазерного излучения в биологической ткани при фотодинамической терапии и диагностике. // Российский химический журнал. 1998. № 5, том XLII. с. 53.
- Stratonnikov A.A., Edinac N.E., Loschenov V.B. The spectral fluorescent properties of tissues in vivo excited in the red wavelength range. // Abstracts of 7-th Congress of the European Society for Photobiology. 1997. Stresa, Italy, pp.133.
- Loschenov V.B., Stratonnikov A. A, Steiner R. Laser spectroscopic investigation of vegetation origin food components and PDT aspects. // Wroclaw, Poland. 1997. Acta Biooptica et Informatica Medica NR 1/97. Vol.3. ISSN 1234−5563, p.16.
- Stratonnikov A.A. and Loschenov V.B. Evaluation of blood oxygen saturation in vivo from diffuse reflectance spectra. // J. Biomed. Optics. 2000. (In press).
- Stratonnikov A.A., Meerovich G.A. and Loschenov V.B. Photobleaching of photosensitizers applied for photodynamic therapy. // Proc. SPIE. 2000. 3909, pp.81−91.
- Stratonnikov A.A., Douplik A.Y., Klimov D.V., Loschenov V.B., Mizin S.V. The influence of light irradiation on blood oxygen saturation level in vitro and in vivo during photodynamic therapy. // SPIE. 1998. 3247, pp. 128 136.
- Стратонников A.A., Лощенов В. Б., Дуплик А. Ю. Изменение степени оксигенации гемоглобина крови во время фото динамическойтерапии. II «Фотодинамическая терапия». Материалы III Всероссийского симпозиума 11−12 ноября 1999 года. Москва, стр. 197−213.
- Linkov K.G., Kisselev G.L., Loschenov V.B. Determination of optical properties of biological tissue in its depth. // Proc. SPIE. 1998. Vol. 3196, pp. 210−217.
- Linkov K.G., Kisselev G.L., Loschenov V.B. Investigations of physical model of biological tissue. // Proc. SPIE. 1996. Vol. 2923, pp. 58−67.
- Loschenov V.B., Kuzin M.I., Artjushenko V.G., Konov V.I. Study of tissue fluorescence spectra in situ. // SPIE Proc. 1989. Vol. 1066, pp. 271 274.
- Loschenov V.B., Steiner R. Spectra investigation methods of biological tissues. Technique. Experiments. Clinics. // SPIE Proc. 1993. Vol. 2081, pp. 96−108.
- Stratonnikov A.A., Loschenov V.B. Evaluation of blood oxygen saturation in vivo from diffuse reflectance spectra. // J. Biomed. Optics. 2001. Vol.6, pp.457−467.
- Loschenov V.B., Meerovich G.A., Kiselev G.L. and Stratonnikov A.A. Physical and photo-chemical aspects of photodynamic therapy. // Proc. of Workshop on Optical Technologies in Biophysics and Medicine II. Saratov, Russia. 2000. October 3−6.
- Лощенов В.Б., Стратоников A.A. Физические основы флуоресцентной диагностики и фотодинамической терапии. // Сборник трудов МИФИ. 2000. Том 4, с. 53−54.
- Stratonnikov А.А., Edinak N.E., Loschenov V.B., Meerovich G.A. The light absorption spectroscopy as a tool to control PDT in clinics. // Acta Bio-Optica et Informatica Medica. 1997. Vol.3, p.5.
- Stratonnikov A.A., Douplik A.Y., Loschenov V.B. Oxygen Consumption and Photobleaching in Whole Blood Incubated with Photosensitizer Induced by Laser Irradiation. // J. Laser Physics. 2003.
- Welch A.J., Yoon G., van Gemert M.J.C. Practical models for light distribution in laser irradiated tissue. // Las. Surg. Med. 1987. Vol. 6, p. 488.
- M.S. Patterson, B.C. Wilson, D.R. Wyman: «The propagation of optical radiation in tissue 1. Models of radiation transport and their application», Las. Med. Sci., Vol. 6, 1991, p.155.
- Patterson M.S., Wilson B.C., Wyman D.R. The propagation of optical radiation in tissue. Optical properties of tissue and resulting fluence distributions. // Las. Med. Sci. 1991. Vol. 6, p.379.
- Yoon G., Welch A.J., Motamedi M. et al. Development and application of three-dimensional light distribution model for laser irradiated tissue // IEEE J. Quantum Electr. 1987. Vol. 23, N 10. P.1721−1733.
- Duck F.A. Physical properties of tissues: a comprehensive reference book. L., Academic, 1992.
- Selected papers on tissue optics: applications in medical diaghoctics and therapy / Ed. V.V. Tuchin. Bellingham, SPIE, 1994. Vol. MS 102.
- Jacques S.L. Monte Carlo modeling of light transport in tissue // Tissue Opt. / Eds A.j. Welch, M.C.J, van Gemert. N.Y., Academic, 1992.
- Dosimetry of laser radiation in medicine and biology / Edv G.V.Muller, D.H.Sliney // Bellingham- Washington, SPIE Inst. Advanced Opt. Techn., 1989. Vol. IS5.
- Anderson R.R., Parrish J.A. Optical properties of human skin // the science of photomedicine / Eds J.D.Regan, J.A.Parrish. N.Y., Plenum Press, 1982. P. 147−194.
- Cheong W.F., Prahl S.A., Welch A.J. A review of the optical properties of biological tissues // IEEE J. Quantum Elect. Vol. 26 N 12. P. 2166−2185.