ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° (3 Π² 1)
We know fir-tree attachment to be widely used for security turbine buckets. We consider nuclear energy to be the prime source of heat energy. Where does the turbofan engine derive its propulsive thrust from? ΠΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ°. ΠΠΎΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ Π΄Π²ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. The overhaul shop should be kept clean and orderly. A body falling to the ground, its speed increases. The oil having been… Π§ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡ Π΅ΡΡ >
- Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- ΠΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠ°
- ΠΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°
- ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ
- ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π½Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ
Π‘ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
- 1. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ 1, 2, 3 Π°Π±Π·Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°
- Pilot Cockpit
1. That portion of the airplane, occupied by pilots is the pilot’s cockpit. From this cockpit all controls used in flying and landing radiate. All the instruments and equipment are installed in accessible positions. Single-place airplanes have one cockpit (accommodations for the pilot only). Two-place airplanes usually have two cockpits in tandem, although some airplanes have single cabin with two seats side by side. A cargo or other large or special type airplane has a pilot’s compartment or control room in addition to the cabin. Most cockpits and cabins are completely enclosed to protect the pilot and the crew from atmospheric conditions.
2. All control systems terminate in the cockpit; all operational and navigational instruments are located here. All decisions regarding the flight of the airplane, with very few exceptions when the airplane is about to take off and land, are determined here.
3. It is necessary to locate the seat of the pilot in the cockpit so that he may have sufficient vision in all possible directions, with special attention to forward, upward, downward and sideward vision.
4. All switches and controls which the pilot must operate should be located as close to him as possible so that it will be unnecessary for him to stretch.
5. Thus the cockpit for an airplane should be constructed to give the maximum possible comfort, adequate vision and accessibility to all controls.
2. ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ:
1. How is it necessary to locate the seat of the pilot in the cabin?
2. How should the cockpit be constructed?
3. ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡ , ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ, ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ:
To land, to equip, access, to accommodate, usual, to add, complete, operation, except.
4. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ:
1. The fuselage must be strong enough to withstand different loads acting on it
in flight.
2. Engines to be employed in the field must be tested in the laboratory.
3. A central fuel-filling system is being used to facilitate easy handling of the
aircraft.
4. To prevent foreign matter from entering the air intake the inlet are screened.
5. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ I ΠΈ II, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΡ:
1. The front portion of the wing is termed the leading edge, and the rear portion is called the trailing edge.
2. Monocoque is a structure made in the form of the single shell.
3. The forward movement of the control slick lowers the nose of the machine and raises the tail causing, the aircraft to descend.
4. The data received provided important information on engine operation under a number of adverse conditions.
6. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅ΡΡΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΉ:
1. The power plant serves for developing power for flight and creating thrust.
2. The ailerons control the motion of the aeroplane about the longitudinal axis and assist in banking for a turn.
3. The purpose of the landing gear is to permit the airplane to take off and land without using special launching apparatus.
4. All the efforts of the designers and builders are usually aimed at achieving maximum safety.
7. ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ It is (was) that (who, which):
1. It was before the Second World War that rockets were largely experimental.
2. It is the diameter of the compressor that is to be changed.
3. It is the rudder that determines the horizontal direction of flight of an aeroplane
Π‘ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΊ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ
- ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ 1, 2, 3 Π°Π±Π·Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°.
- AIRCRAFT POWER PLANT
- The power plant is a means of creating thrust necessary for the movement of an airplane through the air and on the ground. The power plant includes an engine (piston, turbojet, turbofan), a propeller, engine mount, firewall, cowling, fairing, nacelle or pod, feed system, cooling system, engine control system, fire prevention system, anti-icing device, etc.
- Types of the engine, their number and location on the airplane depend on tactical and technical specifications for the airplane, namely, its speed, altitude, range, load-carrying capacity, etc.
- Engines are mounted in the wing and on the wingtips. In the case of their wing sections engines are housed in pod nacelles beneath the wing. Engines are also mounted inside the fuselage. Recently there appeared a trend to mount engines on each side of the aft fuselage. Such a location of engines permits an unusually clean wing design and decreases the noise in passenger compartments to a great extent.
- The power plant is bolted to an engine mount. The engine mount is a frame which supports the engine and connects it with the wing or fuselage. Engine mounts vary widely in appearance and construction.
- Immediately behind the engine mount is the firewall. The purpose of the firewall is to protect the airplane from any hot liquids, gases or flame from the engine. Cowlings and fairings are designed to keep drag to a minimum and still allow enough air to cool the engine. They consist of detachable section for covering portions of the airplane, such as engines, mounts and other parts.
- ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ:
- What is the power plant?
- How do engine mounts vary?
- ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡ , ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ, ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ
- To create, to move, to prevent, to locate, tact, recent, usual, wide, construct, detach.
- ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ «ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅».
- Jet engines are known to have been widely used for aircraft propulsion.
- The lubrication system of jet engines seems to be rather simple.
- The main sources of the helicopters are known to be the engines and the rotors.
- The atmosphere happens to change with the increase of altitude.
- ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΡ «ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅».
- The shaft is supported by two bearings, the ball bearings absorbing radial and axial thrust loads.
- The gas turbine having been tested thoroughly, it may be installed into the aircraft.
- Fuel nozzles inject fuel to the combustion chamber, swirl vanes helping in good mixing of fuel and air.
- The pressure removed, the air comes back to its original volume.
- ΠΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²:
- The acceleration the airplane encounters in flight increases the forces that act on the radio-devices.
- The vertical speed of the plane varies according to the load the plane carries.