Применение ионных жидкостей для экстракции и определения органических соединений
Диссертация
Экстракция большинства изученных фенольных соединений наиболее эффективна в области рН <рКа, что соответствует извлечению нейтральных форм. В некоторой степени фенолы извлекаются и в анионной форме при рН> рКа (пикриновая кислота экстрагируется в этой форме количественно) по механизму анионного обмена. Извлечение ряда аналитических реагентов так же максимально в области рН, соответствующей… Читать ещё >
Содержание
- ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР
- Глава 1. ИОННЫЕ ЖИДКОСТИ КАК НОВЫЙ КЛАСС РАСТВОРИТЕЛЕЙ: СВОЙСТВА И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ
- 1. 1. Общие сведения об ионных жидкостях
- 1. 1. 1. Температура плавления
- 1. 1. 2. Плотность и вязкость
- 1. 1. 3. Стабильность и температура разложения
- 1. 1. 4. Электропроводность
- 1. 1. 5. Растворимость и смешиваемость с водой, органическими ^ ^ растворителями и газами
- 1. 1. 6. Кислотные свойства
- 1. 1. 7. Полярность
- 1. 1. 8. Гидрофобность
- 1. 1. 9. Экологическая безопасность
- 1. 2. Применение ионных жидкостей в экстракции
- 1. 2. 1. Экстракция ионов металлов
- 1. 2. 2. Экстракция органических соединений
- 1. 3. Применение ионных жидкостей в электрохимии
- 1. 3. 1. «Электрохимическое окно» ионных жидкостей
- 1. 4. Иммобилизация ионных жидкостей на твердых носителях
- 1. 5. Другие области применения ионных жидкостей
- 1. 1. Общие сведения об ионных жидкостях
- ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ ЧАСТ
- Глава 2. ИСХОДНЫЕ ВЕЩЕСТВА, АППАРАТУРА И ТЕХНИКА ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА
- Глава 3. ЭКСТРАКЦИЯ ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ ИЗ ВОДНЫХ РАСТВОРОВ В ИОННЫЕ ЖИДКОСТИ
- 3. 1. Выбор оптимальных условий экстракции
- 3. 2. Экстракция фенолов
- 3. 3. Экстракция аминов
- 3. 4. Экстракция катехо л аминов
- 3. 5. Экстракция других соединений
- 3. 6. Сравнение экстрагирующих свойств ионной жидкости ВМГшРРб и обычных растворителей
- 3. 6. 1. Экстракция нейтральных соединений
- 3. 6. 1. 1. Полярность ионных жидкостей
- 3. 6. 2. Ионообменная экстракция
- 3. 6. 2. 1. Влияние дициклогексил-18-кран-6 на экстракцию органических соединений в BMImPFo
- 3. 6. 1. Экстракция нейтральных соединений
- 3. 7. Сравнение экстрагирующих свойств ионной жидкости BMImPFo и других ионных жидкостей
- 4. 1. «Электрохимическое окно» ионных жидкостей
- 4. 2. Вольтамперометрия растворов органических соединений в ионных жидкостях
- 4. 2. 1. Определение фенолов
- 4. 2. 2. Определение катехоламинов
- 4. 3. Гибридный экстракционно-вольтамперометрический анализ
- 5. 1. Закрепление ионных жидкостей на различных носителях
- 5. 2. Извлечение органических соединений на пенополиуретане, модифицированном ионными жидкостями (статические условия)
- 5. 2. 1. Извлечение фенолов
- 5. 2. 2. Извлечение катехоламинов
- 5. 3. Извлечение органических соединений на концентрирующих патронах с сорбентами на основе кремнеземов, модифицированных ионными жидкостями (сорбция в потоке)
- 5. 3. 1. Извлечение фенолов
- 5. 3. 2. Извлечение катехоламинов
- 6. 1. Нагрев ионных жидкостей под действием микроволнового излучения
- 6. 2. Ионные жидкости как сорастворители для микроволновой пробоподготовки
- 6. 3. Экстракция ионными жидкостями пирена из водных растворов и твердых образцов в микроволновом поле
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