Состав и организация ДНК гетерохроматина половых хромосом у обыкновенных полевок рода Microtus группы arvalis
Диссертация
В отличие гетерохроматиновых районов, где MS4 преимущественно организован тандемно, в эухроматине одна копия повтора является частью повтора с мономерной единицей размером более 8.5 т.п.о. В ее состав входит новый повтор MS7 и, возможно, ретротранспозоны типа LINE. Мы полагаем, что на каком-то этапе произошло удвоение последовательности MS4, а затем и ее мультимеризация. Поскольку в эухроматине… Читать ещё >
Содержание
- 1. ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
- 1. 1. Гетерохроматин
- 1. 2. Повторы в геноме млекопитающих
- 1. 2. 1. Тандемно организованные последовательности ДНК
- 1. 2. 2. Рассеянные повторы
- 1. 2. 2. 1. Ретровирусы и ретротранспозоны
- 1. 2. 2. 3. SINE
- 1. 2. 2. 2. LINE
- 1. 2. 3. Мобильные элементы, геном, гетерохроматин
- 1. 3. Гетерохроматин Y-хромосомы млекопитающих
- 1. 4. Повторы гетерохроматина половых хромосом серых полевок (род Microtus)
- 2. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ
- 2. 1. Объект исследования
- 2. 2. Микробиологические методы работы
- 2. 3. Скрининг геномных фаговых библиотек
- 2. 4. Методы выделения ДНК
- 2. 5. Методики работы с рекомбинантной ДНК
- 2. 6. Полимеразная цепная реакция
- 2. 7. Саузерн блот-гибридизация
- 2. 8. Определение копийности повторов
- 2. 9. Гибридизация in situ
- 2. 10. Определение нуклеотидной последовательности ДНК
- 2. 11. Контекстный анализ последовательности ДНК
- 2. 12. Пульс-электрофорез
- 3. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ И ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ
- 3. 1. Копийность повторов MS3 и MS
- 3. 2. 1. Анализ геномных клонов, содержащих MS4, из гетерохроматина Х-хромосомы полевки
- 3. 1. Копийность повторов MS3 и MS
- 3. 2. 2. Анализ геномных клонов, содержащих MS4, из эухроматина Х-хромосомы полевки М. arvaus
- 3. 3. 1. Структура последовательности MS
- 3. 3. 2. Саузерн блот-анализ MS
- 3. 3. 3. Локализация MS7 на метафазных хромосомах обыкновенных полевок
- 3. 3. 4. Копийность MS
- 3. 4. ПЦР-анализ геномных ДНК полевок
- 3. 5. Пульс-гель-электрофорез
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